Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Persian
سایه
←
Proto-Indo-European
*(s)ḱeh₃-
(root)
←
Proto-Iranian
*caHyā́kaH
(inherited)
←
Middle Persian
𐫘𐫀𐫏𐫃
(mention)
←
Old Persian
*θāyakā
(inherited)
→
Estonian
soe
(cognate)
→
Persian
همسایه
(affix)
→
Finnish
suoja
(cognate)
→
Hindi
साया
(borrowed)
→
Kazakh
сая
(borrowed)
→
Turkish
saye
(derived)
→
Urdu
سایہ
(mention)