Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish teñir
← Proto-Indo-European *teng- (derived)
← Latin tingere (inherited)
← Latin tingō (mention)

→ Catalan tenyir (cognate)
→ Spanish desteñir (prefix)
→ Spanish reteñir (affix)
→ Galician tinguir (cognate)