Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish suegro
Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros (inherited)
Latin socrum (inherited)
Latin socer (mention)
Old Spanish (inherited)

Catalan sogre (cognate)
Spanish consuegro (affix)
Spanish suegrastro (suffix)