Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
montañoso
←
English
mountainous
(cognate)
←
Spanish
montaña
(affix)
←
Spanish
-oso
(affix)
←
Latin
montānus
(inherited)