Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
jeque
←
Arabic
شَيْخ
(derived)
←
Old Spanish
xeque
(inherited)
←
Andalusian Arabic
شَيْخ
(derived)
→
Spanish
jequesa
(suffix)
→
Swedish
shejk
(cognate)