Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Middle English
surgien
←
Middle English
cirurgien
(doublet)
←
Old French
surgien
(borrowed)
←
Latin
chīrurgia
(derived)
→
English
surgeon
(inherited)
→
Middle English
cirurgien
(doublet)