Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
sombre
←
Spanish
sombra
(cognate)
←
French
sombre
(borrowed)
←
Old French
sombre
(derived)
←
Old French
(mention)
←
Latin
sub-
(derived)
←
Latin
umbra
(mention)
→
English
sombrely
(suffix)
→
English
sombreness
(suffix)