Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Ernst
←
German
Ernst
(borrowed)
←
English
earnest
(doublet)
←
Proto-Germanic
*ernustuz
(inherited)
←
Old High German
ernust
(derived)
→
English
Ernstian
(suffix)
→
English
ernstburkeite
(affix)