Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Elbe
←
German
Elbe
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Germanic
*albī
(derived)
←
Middle High German
Elbe
(derived)
←
Proto-West Germanic
(derived)
←
Old High German
Elba
(derived)
→
English
Elbian
(suffix)
→
Czech
dlouhý jako Lovosice
(link)