Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Cardiff
←
Welsh
caer
(derived)
←
Welsh
Taf
(mention)
←
Welsh
Caerdydd
(cognate)
←
Middle Welsh
Caerdyf
(derived)
→
English
Cardiffian
(suffix)
→
Hindi
कार्डिफ़
(borrowed)
→
Japanese
カーディフ
(borrowed)
→
Portuguese
Cardiff
(derived)