Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Greek
ναυς
←
Persian
ناو
(cognate)
←
Ancient Greek
ναῦς
(learned borrowing)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*néh₂us
(derived)
←
Italian
nave
(cognate)