Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
German
Dummkopf
←
German
dumm
(compound)
←
German
Kopf
(compound)
→
English
dummkopf
(borrowed)
→
English
dumbhead
(cognate)