Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Danish norsk
English northern (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *nurþrōnijaz (derived)
Middle Norwegian nornskr (cognate)
Old Danish nornst (inherited)
Old Norse norrœnn (derived)

English Norse (borrowed)
Danish dansk-norsk (compound)