Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
coel
←
Proto-Brythonic
*koïl
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*kailo-
(inherited)
←
Proto-Germanic
*hailaz
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kóylos
(derived)
←
Old Welsh
coil(i)ou
(inherited)
←
Middle Welsh
coel
(inherited)
→
English
whole
(cognate)
→
Old English
hal
(cognate)
→
Welsh
ofergoel
(compound)
→
Welsh
coelio
(affix)
→
Welsh
argoel
(affix)