Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
canghellor
←
German
Kanzler
(cognate)
←
English
chancellor
(cognate)
←
Latin
cancellus
(derived)
←
Middle Welsh
kyghellawr
(inherited)
→
Welsh
is-ganghellor
(affix)