Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
calan
←
Breton
kalan
(cognate)
←
Proto-Brythonic
*kalann
(inherited)
←
Cornish
-
(cognate)
←
Latin
kalendae
(derived)
←
Middle Welsh
kalan
(inherited)
→
Welsh
calennig
(affix)
→
Welsh
Hen Galan
(compound)