Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Welsh
arth
←
Proto-Brythonic
*arθ
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*artos
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂ŕ̥tḱos
(inherited)
→
English
Arthur
(derived)
→
Welsh
arthes
(affix)
→
Welsh
cyfarth
(affix)
→
Welsh
arthan
(compound)
→
Welsh
Arth Fawr
(compound)
→
Welsh
Arth Fwyaf
(compound)
→
Welsh
Arth Fach
(compound)
→
Persian
خرس
(cognate)
→
Judeo-Tat
хуьрс
(cognate)
→
Noric
𐌀𐌓𐌕𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌈𐌆
(cognate)
→
Old Irish
art
(cognate)