Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Celtic
*artos
→
English
Arthur
(derived)
→
Breton
arzh
(inherited)
→
Proto-Brythonic
Artognou
(derived)
→
Welsh
arth
(inherited)
→
Basque
hartz
(derived)
→
Faroese
Artur
(derived)
→
Italian
Arturo
(derived)
→
Cornish
arth
(inherited)
→
Noric
𐌀𐌓𐌕𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌈𐌆
(derived)
→
Old Irish
art
(inherited)