Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Welsh afal
Proto-Brythonic *aβal (inherited)
Proto-Celtic *abalom (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (inherited)

English apple (cognate)
Welsh afalau (affix)
Welsh grawnafal (compound)
Welsh pinafal (compound)
Welsh afal cariad (compound)
Irish úll (cognate)