Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
pilota
←
Spanish
pelota
(cognate)
←
French
pelote
(cognate)
←
Latin
pila
(mention)
→
Catalan
aplegapilotes
(compound)
→
Catalan
pilotejar
(affix)