Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Catalan llengua
Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (inherited)
Old Latin dingua (inherited)
Proto-Italic *denɣwā (inherited)
Latin lingua (inherited)
Old Occitan lengua (inherited)

Catalan protollengua (prefix)
Catalan mallerenga (mention)
German Zunge (cognate)
Portuguese língua (cognate)