Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
dolorós
←
Spanish
doloroso
(cognate)
←
French
douloureux
(cognate)
←
Latin
dolor
(inherited)
←
Occitan
dolorós
(cognate)
←
Old Occitan
(inherited)
→
Catalan
dolorosament
(suffix)