Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old English norþerne
Proto-Germanic *nurþrōnijaz (inherited)
Old High German nordrōni (cognate)
Old Norse norrœnn (cognate)

English northern (derived)
English -ern (mention)
Middle English northerne (inherited)
Old Norse norrœnn (cognate)