Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
Norþmann
←
Old English
norþ
(compound)
←
Old English
mann
(compound)
→
English
Northman
(inherited)
→
Middle Irish
Northmann
(borrowed)
→
Old Norse
norðmaðr
(cognate)