Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old English
þēah
→
English
although
(mention)
→
English
though
(inherited)
→
German
doch
(cognate)
→
Middle English
of
(derived)