Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Yiddish
אַרמיי
←
German
Armee
(cognate)
←
French
armée
(derived)
→
Yiddish
רויטאַרמיי
(compound)