Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Karakhanid
يَغْمُرْ
←
Turkish
yağmur
(cognate)
←
Proto-Turkic
*yagmur
(inherited)
→
Turkish
yağmur
(cognate)