Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Xhosa hlala
Proto-Bantu *-jìkada (inherited)
Proto-Bantu *-jìka (mention)

Xhosa isihlalo (affix)
Xhosa umhlali (affix)
Xhosa intlalo (affix)