Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old Armenian ասպար
← Persian سپر (cognate)
← Proto-Iranian *sparah (derived)
← Old Armenian (mention)
← Old Armenian (mention)
← Old Armenian սպարակիր (mention)
← Old Armenian սպարափակ (mention)

→ Persian سپر (cognate)
→ Armenian ասպար (learned borrowing)