←
Proto-Mon-Khmer *meeʔ (inherited)
←
Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔmeeʔ (mention)
←
Proto-Vietic *meːʔ (inherited)
←
Proto-Vietic *mɛːʔ (mention)
←
Old Chinese 母 (cognate)
←
Proto-Tai *meːᴮ (cognate)
←
Vietnamese mái (mention)
→
Vietnamese mệ (mention)
→
Vietnamese bố mẹ (compound)
→
Vietnamese bỏ mẹ (compound)
→
Vietnamese mẹ đẻ (compound)
→
Vietnamese Đức Mẹ (compound)
→
Vietnamese mẹ nó (affix)
→
Vietnamese mả mẹ (affix)