Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Ukrainian
хірург
←
German
Chirurg
(borrowed)
←
Latin
chīrūrgus
(derived)
←
Polish
chirurg
(cognate)
←
Russian
хиру́рг
(cognate)