Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Tocharian B
yentuke
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*síndʰuš
(derived)
←
Proto-Iranian
*hínduš
(derived)
←
Old Persian
𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁
(mention)
←
Undetermined
*hinduka
(mention)
→
Chinese
印度
(cognate)