Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Turkic *yalïŋ

→ Southern Altai јаҥыс (inherited)
→ Azerbaijani yalnız (inherited)
→ Azerbaijani yalın (inherited)
→ Bashkir яңғыҙ (inherited)
→ Kazakh жалғыз (inherited)
→ Ottoman Turkish یالڭز (derived)
→ Turkish yalnız (derived)
→ Turkish yalın (inherited)
→ Tuvan чаңгыс (inherited)