Proto-Turkic *ēr

→ Southern Altai эр (inherited)

→ Bashkir ир (inherited)

→ Bashkir ир-ат (derived)

→ Old Church Slavonic болꙗринъ (derived)

→ Khakas ир (inherited)

→ Kazakh ер (inherited)

→ Mongolian эр (derived)

→ Old Turkic 𐰼 (inherited)

→ Turkish er (inherited)

→ Tuvan эр (inherited)