Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Turkish
mahkûm
←
Arabic
مَحْكُوم
(derived)
←
Arabic
ح ك م
(root)
←
Ottoman Turkish
محكوم
(inherited)