Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Turkish
ağ
←
Old Turkic
𐰀𐰴
(cognate)
←
Proto-Turkic
*āg
(derived)
→
Bashkir
ау
(cognate)