Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Tagalog kapal
← Indonesian kapal (cognate)
← Malay kapal (cognate)

→ Bahnar hơʼbơ̆l (cognate)
→ Indonesian kapal (cognate)
→ Mag-Anchi Ayta kapal (borrowed)
→ Tagalog makapal (prefix)
→ Tagalog kapal ng mukha (affix)
→ Tagalog kapalan (suffix)