Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Swedish
rubba
←
English
rub
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*Hrewp-
(root)
←
Icelandic
rubba
(cognate)
←
Old Norse
(derived)
←
Old Norse
rjúfa
(mention)
→
English
rub
(derived)