Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Samoan
i
←
Proto-Polynesian
*i
(inherited)
→
Samoan
i lagi
(compound)
→
Tokelauan
i
(cognate)