Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scots
great
←
Old English
grēat
(inherited)
←
Proto-Germanic
*grautaz
(inherited)
→
English
great
(cognate)
→
Latin
grandis
(cognate)