Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scots
coo
←
Old English
cū
(inherited)
←
Proto-Germanic
*kūz
(derived)
←
Proto-West Germanic
*kū
(inherited)
→
English
cow
(cognate)