Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sanskrit
वरिष्ठ
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Hwáriṣṭʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Hwáriṣṭʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*Hwárištʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*Hwárištʰas
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*welh₁-
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₁wer-
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
वर
(mention)
←
Sanskrit
उरु
(mention)
←
Sanskrit
वरुण
(mention)
→
Hindi
वरिष्ठ
(learned borrowing)