Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sanskrit
गदा
←
Avestan
𐬔𐬀𐬜𐬁
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*gadā
(inherited)
←
Middle Persian
gt'
(cognate)
→
English
gada
(borrowed)
→
Hindi
गदा
(borrowed)
→
Indonesian
gada
(derived)
→
Sanskrit
गदापर्वन्
(compound)
→
Thai
คทา
(borrowed)