Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sanskrit
खानि
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*kan-
(root)
←
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*kan-
(derived)
←
Sanskrit
खन्
(root)
←
Sanskrit
खन्
(mention)
→
Gujarati
ખાણ
(derived)
→
Hindi
खान
(inherited)
→
Hindi
खानि
(learned borrowing)
→
Marathi
खाण
(inherited)
→
Urdu
کھانی
(learned borrowing)
→
Urdu
کهان
(inherited)