Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Russian полк
English folk (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *fulką (derived)
Old East Slavic пълъкъ (inherited)

Polish pułk (cognate)
Russian авиаполк (affix)
Russian полководец (affix)
Russian полчище (affix)
Russian однополчанин (affix)
Russian полчанин (affix)
Russian Ярополк (affix)
Russian ополчить (affix)
Russian полковой (affix)