Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Russian
о́стров
→
Latvian
sala
(cognate)
→
Russian
полуостров
(affix)
→
Russian
островок
(affix)
→
Russian
островитянин
(affix)
→
Russian
островной
(affix)