Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Russian
голова
←
English
callow
(mention)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gelH-
(inherited)
←
Russian
глава́
(doublet)
←
Proto-Slavic
*golva
(inherited)
→
Estonian
kolp
(cognate)
→
Romanian
gologan
(mention)
→
Russian
головоломка
(affix)