Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old Portuguese sol
Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (inherited)
Latin sōlus (inherited)
Latin sol (inherited)
Old Portuguese soo (link)

Galician sol (inherited)
Portuguese sol (inherited)
Portuguese sombra (derived)