Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Portuguese
poblo
←
Latin
populum
(inherited)
←
Latin
populus
(mention)
←
Old Spanish
pueblo
(cognate)
→
Galician
pobo
(mention)
→
Portuguese
povo
(mention)