Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese vau
Proto-Indo-European *wh₂dʰóm (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *weh₂dʰ- (mention)
Proto-Italic *waðom (inherited)
Latin vadum (inherited)
Old Portuguese vao (inherited)

Italian guado (cognate)
Portuguese vadear (mention)